Russian Grammar Charts - Past Tense (Regular and Irregular)
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Most verbs follow the Regular pattern: remove ть or сть,
then add л for masculine, ла for feminine,
ло for neuter, ли for plural. However a few verbs
do not have л in the masculine and follow the Irregular pattern.
Under stress, е is replaced with ё
Note
Underline letters denote the stress
|
Group |
-ть |
-сть |
|
Gender |
играть
To play |
есть
To eat |
<-- Regular past tense conjugation
|
|
Male |
игра-л |
е-л |
|
Female |
игра-ла |
е-ла |
|
Neuter |
игра-ло |
е-ло |
|
|
Plural |
игра-ли |
е-ли |
|
| Irregular |
|
|
Group |
-чь |
-ечь 1 |
|
Gender |
мочь
To be able |
печь
To bake |
лечь
To lie down/ go to bed |
|
Male |
мог |
пёк |
лёг |
|
Female |
мог-ла |
пек-ла |
лег-ла |
|
Neuter |
мог-ло |
пек-ло |
лег-ло |
|
Plural |
мог-ли |
пек-ли |
лег-ли |
| Irregular |
|
|
Group |
ти2 3 |
нуть 2 |
|
Gender |
нести
To carry |
расти
To grow |
замёрзнуть
To freeze |
|
Male |
нёс |
рос |
замёрз |
|
Female |
нес-ла |
рос-ла |
замёрз-ла |
|
Neuter |
нес-ло |
рос-ло |
замёрз-ло |
|
Plural |
нес-ли |
рос-ли |
замёрз-ли |
| Irregular |
|
|
Group |
ереть |
зть |
шибить |
|
Gender |
заперeть
To lock |
лезть
To climb |
ошибится
To make a mistake |
|
Male |
запер |
лез |
ошибся |
|
Female |
запер-ла |
лез-ла |
ошиб-лась |
|
Neuter |
запер-ло |
лез-ло |
ошибся-лось |
|
Plural |
запер-ли |
лез-ли |
ошибся-лись |
Notes
1 Also includes verbs like течь (тёк,текла,текло,текли)
2 Intransitives (change of state or location)
e.g. исчезнуть ‘to
disappear’
3 But verbs ending -ти with -д- or -т-
stems DO have л
in the masculine past. For example идти (шёл,шла,шло,шли)
and вести (вёл,вела,вело,вели)